群青（Qún Qīng）

Ultramarine

BlueUltramarineSystem B Solar-term setsStart of AutumnCombining · 合色

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Colour Values色值

HEX

#2E59A7

RGB

rgb(46, 89, 167)

HSL

hsl(219, 57%, 42%)

OKLCH

oklch(0.476 0.134 261.2)

CMYK

72, 47, 0, 35

approx

Global Colour Equivalents国际色卡对照

CSS nearest ≈

royalblue

#4169E1

Pantone FHI/TCX ≈

strong blue

#1f5da0

Nearest perceptual match (OKLab). Pantone value is from an unofficial dataset — approximate; verify against official swatches before production.

Imagery & Provenance意象与出处

Solar term

立秋 · Start of Autumn — "凉风至，白露降，寒蝉鸣。"

Imagery

The pigment name for true blue — “the assembled blue” of stone ground to powder. A pure, saturated blue.

Origin

In Chinese painting, ultramarine came from lapis ground out of stone. Start of Autumn closes on it: the four blues have risen from the palest sky to the deepest pigment, pigment being how a culture holds the sky still.

System

B Solar-term sets

Source

Book of Rites, Monthly Ordinances: “On the day of Start of Autumn, cool winds arrive.” (combining colour of 立秋.)

Citation

《礼记·月令》：立秋之日，凉风至。

Evidence

Ancient-text attestation (attestation > artifact > compilation > approximation)

Imagery意象图

群青 — Close-up of a wavy textured pattern on blue painted canvas, providing artistic background. — Pexels License · ImageryClose-up of a wavy textured pattern on blue painted canvas, providing artistic background.Close-up of a wavy textured pattern on blue painted canvas, providing artistic background. — Ron Lach · Pexels

Brand & Product References国际色号案例

IKEA Blue

#0058A3 · ≈ ΔE 3.7 (CIEDE2000)

Global brand reference

photo: W.carter · CC BY 4.0

Editorial reference only — same/near shade used by these brands. Names and colours are trademarks of their respective owners; photos are CC-licensed from Wikimedia Commons (see credit on each card); no affiliation or endorsement implied.

Cultural Note for non-Chinese Designers文化提示

CautionBlue = calm, porcelain (blue-and-white). Shares the 青 heritage.

Same Family同色系

Pantone/CSS values are nearest perceptual matches (OKLab distance), not official colour codes.